Spleen-Derived Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine IL-10 Stimulated by Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Protects Against Type 2 Diabetes.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Considering that the spleen plays an important role in the occurrence and development of diabetes, we aimed at investigating the role of the spleen in the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs). We established a T2D/splenectomy (SPX) rat model by using high-fat diet/streptozotocin administration with SPX, assessed the therapeutic effects of ADSCs, and explored the possible mechanism. A single ADSC infusion was found to ameliorate hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in diabetic rats, accompanied by a considerable number of ADSCs homing to the spleens in T2D rats. Moreover, four times of infusion of ADSCs resulted in a more significant reduction of blood glucose and insulin resistance, whereas SPX exacerbated hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and attenuated the effects of ADSCs. In addition, ADSC infusion promoted anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 expression and inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression in both the spleen and serum of T2D rats without SPX. ADSCs also inhibited serum IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α expression, but cannot promote IL-10 expression in T2D rats with SPX. Therefore, these data indicate that the effect of ADSCs ameliorating hyperglycemia and insulin resistance may be partially through promoting spleen-derived anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 expressio

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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