Supermagnetic Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrochar for Enhanced Osteoconduction in Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Hydrothermally carbonized sugarcane bagasse (SCB) has exceptional surface properties. Looking at the huge amount of SCB produced, its biocompatible nature, cheap-cost for carbonization, and its easy functionalization can give impeccable nano-biomaterials for tissue engineering applications. Herein, sugarcane bagasse was converted into hydrochar (SCB-H) by hydrothermal carbonation. The SCB-H produced was further modified with iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles (denoted as SCB-H@Fe 3 O 4 ). Facile synthesized nano-bio-composites were characterized by SEM, HR-TEM, XRD, FT-IR, XPS, TGA, and VSM analysis. Bare Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs), SCB-H, and SCB-H@Fe 3 O 4 were tested for cytocompatibility and osteoconduction enhancement of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs). The results confirmed the cytocompatible and nontoxic nature of SCB-H@Fe 3 O 4 . SCB-H did not show enhancement in osteoconduction, whilst on the other hand, Fe 3 O 4 NPs exhibited a 0.5-fold increase in the osteoconduction of hADMSCs. However, SCB-H@Fe 3 O 4 demonstrated an excellent enhancement in osteoconduction of a 3-fold increase over the control, and a 2.5-fold increase over the bare Fe 3 O 4 NPs. Correspondingly, the expression patterns assessment of osteoconduction marker genes (ALP, OCN, and RUNX2) confirmed the osteoconductive enhancement by SCB-H@Fe 3 O 4 . In the proposed mecha

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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