Supplementation of strontium to a chondrogenic medium promotes chondrogenic differentiation of human dedifferentiated fat cells.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Dedifferentiated fat cells (DFAT cells) isolated from adipose tissue have been demonstrated to differentiate into chondrogenic cells in vitro. Nevertheless, an efficient method to facilitate its chondrogenic differentiation is still unexplored, hampering the extensive application of these cells in cartilage regeneration therapies. Here we provide the evidence that supplementation of strontium ions (Sr) in a chondrogenic medium (CM) significantly promotes early chondrogenic differentiation of DFAT cells. Human DFAT cells and the mesenchymal stem cell line (RCB2153) were subjected to the CM supplemented with/without Sr. After 14 days, alcian blue staining intensity significantly increased in DFAT cells, but not in RCB2153, subjected to CM with Sr. mRNA expression analysis revealed that the CM with 1.5 mM Sr increased the expression of chondrogenic marker, collagen type 2 alpha 1, whereas there was no significant change in osteogenic markers, collagen type 1 alpha 1, runt-related transcription factor 2, and osteocalcin, and hypertrophic chondrogenic marker, collagen type 10 alpha 1. Inhibitors for extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), Akt, and calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) pathways significantly diminished the alcian blue staining intensity, providing the first evidence that these signal pathways are associated with chondrogenic differentiation of DFAT cells. CaSR

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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