Tendon Tissue Engineering: Pathophysiological Mechanism and Bioengineering Therapy of Tendinopathy

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Tendinopathy afflicts many professional athletes and the elderly. However, due to the unique cellular and histological composition of tendons, healing is frequently unsatisfactory. The clinical physical therapy and surgical interventions often fail to meet patient expectations. In recent years, bioengineering technology has undergone rapid development, with a significant number of studies in the biological field focusing on bioengineering technology to explore emerging treatments for diseases. Therefore, bioengineering technology has the potential to become an important part of future tendon healing therapies. The present article will describe the sources of scaffolds, biological factors and bioengineering strategies, with a focus on their current applications in laboratory and clinical contexts.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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