Three-tier framework for high-throughput biofabrication: Integrating 3D bioprinting, assistive platforms, and translational opportunities

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

The field of biofabrication is rapidly evolving, yet it faces persistent challenges, including long manufacturing latency, slow throughput, issues with reproducibility, and scalability limitations. High-throughput biofabrication (HTBF) has emerged as a powerful strategy which is presented here to address these gaps through a structured, three-tier framework. Tier 1 encompasses core HTBF methods, such as multi-modal bioprinting and robotic bioassembly, which enable the rapid fabrication of large, physiologically relevant tissue constructs. Tier 2 comprises assisting platforms, including microfluidics and microphysiological bioreactors, which provide perfusion, mechanical conditioning, multiplexable sensing, and process parallelization. Tier 3 represents HTBF outcomes, including organoids, organ-on-a-chip systems, and engineered tissue grafts that deliver clinically and pharmacologically relevant insights. These advancements enable the development of in-vitro models that streamline drug testing, making it more cost-effective and efficient, while enhancing the accuracy and reliability of preclinical drug evaluation. This review defines HTBF by outlining its core characteristics and framework, presenting insights into recent technological advancements and their applications in regenerative medicine and drug discovery. Additionally, it addresses the regulatory and clinical translati

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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