Trends and emerging frontiers of mesenchymal stem cells in intervertebral disc degeneration: a bibliometric analysis (2000-2024)

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a major global cause of disability, and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy offers a promising regenerative solution by targeting the root causes of degeneration, unlike conventional symptom-focused treatments. This bibliometric analysis explores trends and emerging research areas in MSC applications for IVDD. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection database, covering publications from 2000 to 2024. Bibliometric and visualized analysis was performed using VOSviewers, CiteSpace and the R package "Bibliometrix." Results This bibliometric analysis reviewed 931 articles, revealing an overall upward trend in publication activity. Leading authors included Sakai Daisuke, Grad Sibylle, and Alini Mauro. China and the USA led in publication volume and citation counts, while the United Kingdom achieved the highest average citations per publication. The University of Pennsylvania and Zhejiang University were the most productive institutions. Key journals included Biomaterials , Spine , and Tissue Engineering Part A . Earlier core keywords primarily focused on foundational concepts such as "gene expression," "articular cartilage," "anulus fibrosus" and "extracellular matrix." Recent keyword bursts include "activation," "autophagy," "extracellular vesicles," "apoptosis," "exosome," and

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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