TSG-6 released from intraperitoneally injected canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate inflammatory bowel disease by inducing M2 macrophage switch in mice.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an intractable autoimmune disorder that markedly deteriorates one's quality of life. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) alleviate inflammation by modulating inflammatory cytokines in inflamed tissues, and have been suggested as a promising alternative for IBD treatment in human and veterinary cases. Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor-α-induced gene/protein 6 (TSG-6) is a key factor influencing MSC immunomodulatory properties; however, the precise mechanism of TSG-6 release from canine MSCs in IBD remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic effects of canine adipose tissue-derived (cAT)-MSC-produced TSG-6 in an IBD mouse model and to explore the mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory properties. Mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis were administered cAT-MSCs intraperitoneally; colon tissues were collected on day 10 for histopathological, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunofluorescence analyses. cAT-MSC-secreted TSG-6 ameliorated IBD and regulated colonic expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10. To investigate the effect of cAT-MSC-secreted TSG-6 on activated macrophages in vitro, a transwell coculture system was used; TSG-6 released by cAT-MSCs induced a macrophage phenotypic switch from M1 to M2. The cAT-MSC-secret

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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