Variability in Patient-Incurred Costs and Protocols of Regenerative Medicine Procedures for Musculoskeletal Conditions in the United States

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background: The use of regenerative medicine as an "off label" treatment for musculoskeletal conditions has increased in recent years. However, the literature is sparse regarding the costs of these treatments to patients. Purposes : We sought to determine the patient-incurred costs for regenerative medicine treatments performed by physicians for musculoskeletal conditions in the United States, according to primary specialty, geographic region, practice setting, and years in practice. We also sought to characterize pre- and posttreatment protocols and image guidance use. Methods : We performed a cross-sectional study with data collection occurring between April 2020 and April 2021. It began with the distribution of an online survey through an email campaign by the American College of Sports Medicine to its members. Approximately 90 emails were sent by our research team as well. Throughout the year, various participant recruitment methods were used (through Twitter, for example). Survey data included physician demographics, practice/training information, types/costs of regenerative medicine treatments performed, and pre-/postprocedure protocols. Results : One hundred physicians who self-reported performing standalone regenerative medicine procedures participated in this online survey. According to the responses, the most common treatments performed were platelet-rich plasma (PRP;

Evidence level

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

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