In vitro Chondrogenic Induction Promotes the Expression Level of IL-10 via the TGF-β/SMAD and Canonical Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathways in Exosomes Secreted by Human Adipose Tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Current treatment approaches cannot exactly regenerate cartilage tissue. Regarding some problems encountered with cell therapy, exosomes are advantageous because of their "cell-free" nature. This study examines the relationship between IL-10 and TGF-β and Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signal pathways in human adipose tissue-derived MSCs exosomes (hAT-MSCs-Exos) after in vitro chondrogenic differentiation. Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAT-MSCs) and, as a control group, human fetal chondroblast cells (hfCCs) were differentiated chondrogenically in vitro. Exosome isolation and characterization analyses were performed. Chondrogenic differentiation was shown by Alcian Blue and Safranin O stainings. The expression levels of IL-10, TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway genes, and Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway genes, which play an essential role in chondrogenesis, were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Conditioned media cytokine levels were measured by using the TGF-β and IL-10 ELISA kits. IL-10 expression was upregulated in both chondrogenic differentiated hAT-MSC-Exos (dhAT-MSC-Exos) (p < 0.0001). In the TGF-β signaling pathway, TGF-β (p < 0.0001), SMAD2 (p < 0.0001), SMAD4 (p < 0.001), ACAN (p < 0.0001), SOX9 (p < 0.05) and COL1A2 (p < 0.0001) expressions were upregulated in dhAT-MSC-Exos. SMAD3 expression was upregulated in non-differentiated hAT-MSC-Exos. In the Canonical

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

Browse all related research

Filter the research library by this study's title keywords, author, or publication year.