3D-Bioprinting of Polylactic Acid (PLA) Nanofiber-Alginate Hydrogel Bioink Containing Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Bioinks play a central role in 3D-bioprinting by providing the supporting environment within which encapsulated cells can endure the stresses encountered during the digitally driven fabrication process and continue to mature, proliferate, and eventually form extracellular matrix (ECM). In order to be most effective, it is important that bioprinted constructs recapitulate the native tissue milieu as closely as possible. As such, musculoskeletal soft tissue constructs can benefit from bioinks that mimic their nanofibrous matrix constitution, which is also critical to their function. This study focuses on the development and proof-of-concept assessment of a fibrous bioink composed of alginate hydrogel, polylactic acid nanofibers, and human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) for bioprinting such tissue constructs. First, hASC proliferation and viability were assessed in 3D-bioplotted strands over 16 days in vitro. Then, a human medial knee meniscus digitally modeled using magnetic resonance images was bioprinted and evaluated over 8 weeks in vitro . Results show that the nanofiber-reinforced bioink allowed higher levels of cell proliferation within bioprinted strands, with a peak at day 7, while still maintaining a vast majority of viable cells at day 16. The cell metabolic activity on day 7 was 28.5% higher in this bioink compared to the bioink without nanofibers. Histology of the

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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