Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells rescue rat hippocampal cells from aluminum oxide nanoparticle-induced apoptosis via regulation of P53, Aβ, SOX2, OCT4, and CYP2E1.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess a preventive capacity against free radical toxicity in various tissues. The present study aimed to demonstrate the reformative and treatment roles of adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) against severe toxicity in the hippocampal cells of the brain caused by aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al 2 O 3 -NPs). Rats were divided into five experimental groups: an untreated control group, a control group receiving NaCl, a group receiving Al 2 O 3 -NPs (6 mg/kg) for 20 days, a group that was allowed to recover (R) for 20 days following treatment with Al 2 O 3 -NPs, and a Al 2 O 3 -NPs + AD-MSCs group, where each rat was injected with 0.8 × 10 6 AD-MSCs via the caudal vein. Oral administration of Al 2 O 3 -NPs increased the protein levels of P53, cleaved caspase-3, CYP2E1, and beta-amyloid (Aβ); contrarily, AD-MSCs transplantation downregulated the levels of these proteins. In addition, the AD-MSCs-treated hippocampal cells were protected from Al 2 O 3 -NPs-induced toxicity, as detected by the expression levels of Sox2 and Oct4 that are essential for the maintenance of self-renewal. It was also found that AD-MSCs injection significantly altered the levels of brain total peroxide and monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A and MAO-B activities. Histologically, our results indicated that AD-MSCs alleviated the severe damage in the hippocampal cells induced by Al 2 O 3 -NPs.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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