Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and their acellular derivatives in cutaneous wound healing and pathological scarring: a narrative review.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Cutaneous wound healing is a tightly regulated biological process that restores tissue integrity following injury. Dysregulation of inflammation, fibroblast activity, extracellular matrix remodeling, and angiogenesis can result in delayed healing or pathological scarring, including hypertrophic scars and keloids. Conventional scar-management strategies, such as intralesional corticosteroids, surgical excision, radiotherapy, laser therapy, cryotherapy, silicone-based products, and pressure therapy, remain limited by variable efficacy, recurrence, adverse effects, and inconsistent long-term outcomes. Consequently, regenerative approaches based on adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) and ASC-derived acellular products have attracted increasing attention This narrative review synthesizes current evidence regarding ASC-based therapies and ASC-derived acellular products, including conditioned medium, soluble factors, ASC-derived nanovesicle therapy (extracellular vesicle preparations), and apoptotic extracellular vesicles, in cutaneous wound healing and pathological scar modulation. Particular emphasis is placed on scar-relevant mechanisms, including regulation of inflammation and macrophage polarization, modulation of fibroblast and myofibroblast activity, collagen remodeling, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, transforming growth factor-β/Smad signaling, α-smooth muscl

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

Browse all related research

Filter the research library by this study's title keywords, author, or publication year.