Advances in the extracellular vesicles treatment of alopecia

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Alopecia is a prevalent condition that significantly impacts appearance, mental health, and overall quality of life. Current clinical treatments for alopecia include medication, hair transplantation, low-level light therapy, and stem cell therapy, among others. However, the effectiveness of these treatments remains far from ideal. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy, yet challenges, such as mass production and clinical application persist. This review aims to explore recent advancements in the use of EVs for the treatment of alopecia. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed database using a range of relevant keywords: extracellular vesicles, alopecia, hair loss, preparation, exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies, nanoscale particles, preclinical studies, clinical trial, clinical transformation, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, stem cell, bioactive molecules, and extraction methods. The papers mostly focus on the biological characteristics and preparation of EVs, the basic and clinical research of EVs in the treatment of hair loss, and the challenges of clinical transformation of EVs were retracted. Results EVs are nanoscale, spherical particles enclosed by a lipid bilayer. They exert their effects by activating signaling pathways through ligand binding or by entering cells via membr

Evidence level

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

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