Clinical Applications of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell (ADSC) Exosomes in Tissue Regeneration.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are mesenchymal stem cells with a great potential for self-renewal and differentiation. Exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSC-exos) can imitate their functions, carrying cargoes of bioactive molecules that may affect specific cellular targets and signaling processes. Recent evidence has shown that ADSC-exos can mediate tissue regeneration through the regulation of the inflammatory response, enhancement of cell proliferation, and induction of angiogenesis. At the same time, they may promote wound healing as well as the remodeling of the extracellular matrix. In combination with scaffolds, they present the future of cell-free therapies and promising adjuncts to reconstructive surgery with diverse tissue-specific functions and minimal adverse effects. In this review, we address the main characteristics and functional properties of ADSC-exos in tissue regeneration and explore their most recent clinical application in wound healing, musculoskeletal regeneration, dermatology, and plastic surgery as well as in tissue engineering.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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