Cocultured amniotic stem cells and cardiomyocytes in a 3-D acellular heart patch reduce the infarct size and left ventricle remodeling: promote angiogenesis in a porcine acute myocardial infarction model

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induces significant myocardial damage, ultimately leading to heart failure as the surrounding healthy myocardial tissue undergoes progressive deterioration due to excessive mechanical stress. Methods This study aimed to investigate myocardial regeneration in a porcine model of AMI using an acellular amniotic membrane with fibrin-termed an amnion bilayer (AB) or heart patch-as a cellular delivery system using porcine amniotic stem cells (pASCs) and autologous porcine cardiomyocytes (pCardios). Fifteen pigs (aged 2-4 months, weighing 50-60 kg) were randomly assigned to three experimental groups (n = 5): control group (AMI induction only), pASC group (pASC transplantation only), and coculture group (pASC and pCardio transplantation). AMI was induced via posterior left ventricular artery ligation and confirmed through standard biomarkers. After eight weeks, histological and molecular analyses were conducted to assess myocardial regeneration. Results Improvement in regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA) was observed in 60% of the coculture group, 25% of the pASC group, and none in the control group. Histological analysis of the control group revealed extensive fibrosis with pronounced lipomatosis, particularly at the infarct center. In contrast, pASC and coculture groups exhibited minimal fibrotic scarring at both the infarct center and

Evidence level

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

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