Combining sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor with mesenchymal stem cells and brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) transplantation to mitigate the progression of diabetic kidney disease: a pre-

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

The increasing prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) correlates with a rising incidence of Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD). DKD, a multifactorial condition, is characterized by activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), with angiotensin II playing a significant role in podocyte injury. While conventional treatments show potential in mitigating DKD progression, a combination of strategies is required to both impede its development and repair damaged structures. In this study, we explored the brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) transplantation, and the use of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell therapy (BM-MSC) combined with sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor treatment and calorie restriction in the BTBR ob/ob model, recognized as a robust representation of DKD featuring hyperglycemia, obesity, time-dependent albuminuria, and histological changes. Our primary findings revealed enhanced blood glucose control through combined cell therapy, diminished mesangial matrix expansion, alleviated tissue oxidative stress, preserved podocyte numbers, and an upregulation of podocyte structural markers and components of the RAAS renoprotective axis. BM-MSC therapy demonstrates considerable promise as a combined treatment for mitigating DKD progression, with similar findings observed for BAT and WAT transplantation.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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