Critical roles of IL-6 signaling in myoblast differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Ectopic fat is also formed in muscles as well as the liver, where adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) promote adipogenesis. On the other hand, after muscle injury, muscle satellite cells (SCs) contribute to muscle repair through myodifferentiation. Human ADSCs are multipotent stem cells, but it remains unclear whether they are involved in myoblast differentiation. The aim is to find a novel myogenic cytokine and its signaling pathway that promotes the differentiation of human ADSCs-a potential source of new muscle precursor cells-into myoblasts. Methods An array kit was used to detect cytokines produced by ADSCs. After treating ADSCs with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-C) and different JAK inhibitors, MyHC1, a myodifferentiation marker, was detected by immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The expression status of signaling molecules was determined by Western blotting and the recruitment of transcription factors to the MYOG promoter by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Results IL-6 was detected at high concentrations in the culture supernatant of ADSCs. ADSCs stimulated with 5-aza-C became strongly positive for MyHC1 on day 21 post-stimulation. When co-stimulated with 5-aza-C and IL-6/sIL-6R, ADSCs became positive for MyHC1 protein and upregulated MYOG

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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