Development of 3D printable graphene oxide based bio-ink for cell support and tissue engineering.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Tissue engineered constructs can serve as in vitro models for research and replacement of diseased or damaged tissue. As an emerging technology, 3D bioprinting enables tissue engineering through the ability to arrange biomaterials and cells in pre-ordered structures. Hydrogels, such as alginate (Alg), can be formulated as inks for 3D bioprinting. However, Alg has limited cell affinity and lacks the functional groups needed to promote cell growth. In contrast, graphene oxide (GO) can support numerous cell types and has been purported for use in regeneration of bone, neural and cardiac tissues. Here, GO was incorporated with 2% (w/w) Alg and 3% (w/w) gelatin (Gel) to improve 3D printability for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting at room temperature (RT; 25°C) and provide a 3D cellular support platform. GO was more uniformly distributed in the ink with our developed method over a wide concentration range (0.05%-0.5%, w/w) compared to previously reported GO containing bioink. Cell support was confirmed using adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSCs) either seeded onto 3D printed GO scaffolds or encapsulated within the GO containing ink before direct 3D printing. Added GO was shown to improve cell-affinity of bioinert biomaterials by providing more bioactive moieties on the scaffold surface. 3D cell-laden or cell-seeded constructs showed improved cell viability compared to pristine (wit

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

Browse all related research

Filter the research library by this study's title keywords, author, or publication year.