The Effects of Fat Harvesting and Preparation, Air Exposure, Obesity, and Stem Cell Enrichment on Adipocyte Viability Prior to Graft Transplantation.

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Adipocyte viability is affected by fat preparation and processing methods, but rigorous and objective studies of these relationships are lacking. Objectives The authors conducted a comprehensive evaluation of variables affecting adipocyte viability prior to injection of fat at the recipient site. Methods Lipoaspirates from 48 patients were processed by high or low vacuum pressure, decantation, electric or manual centrifugation, concentration with cotton gauze, washing, repeated syringe transfer, exposure to lidocaine, and exposure to air. The effects of these variables on adipocyte viability in vitro were ascertained with the MTT assay. The influences of patient obesity (ie, a body mass index [BMI] >30 kg/m 2 ) and enrichment with stem cells on adipocyte viability also were determined. Results High vacuum pressure decreased adipocyte viability. Decantation yielded the highest cell viability, followed by washing, concentration with cotton gauze, and centrifugation. Exposure to concentrated lidocaine ambient air exposure, and transfer between syringes significantly decreased viability. Patient obesity was predictive of lower adipocyte viability regardless of processing method, whereas stem cell enrichment significantly improved viability (P Conclusions To maximize adipocyte viability, fat should be obtained with dilute local anesthetics and low vacuum pressure, and the

Evidence level

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

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