Enhanced immunomodulatory effects of canine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in 3D culture.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been introduced as a treatment for dogs owing to their immunomodulatory effects. In humans, 3D-cultured MSCs have recently been applied in treating various conditions, including myocardial infarction, liver disease, and kidney disease. This study aimed to evaluate whether the immunomodulatory effects of canine adipose tissue-derived MSCs (cAT-MSCs) are enhanced when cultured in a 3D environment compared to conventional 2D culture. cAT-MSC spheroids were generated using ultra-low-adhesion plates. The structural and hypoxic characteristics of these spheroids were assessed via confocal imaging. The expression levels of the stemness markers SOX2 and OCT4 were examined through western blotting. Additionally, the expression of inflammatory factors within the cAT-MSC spheroids was analyzed using RT-PCR and ELISA. The immunomodulatory effects were further evaluated in canine macrophages (DH82) treated with conditioned media (CM) from cAT-MSC spheroids, using RT-PCR and flow cytometry. 3D culture induced hypoxic conditions within the cAT-MSC spheroids and significantly increased the expression of SOX2 and OCT4 ( p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of inflammation-associated factors, including TGF-β 1 , TSG-6, COX-2, PGE2, and IL-10, was upregulated in the 3D culture ( p < 0.05). Treatment of DH82 cells with CM from the cAT-MSC spheroids led to a signif

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

Browse all related research

Filter the research library by this study's title keywords, author, or publication year.