Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells activate sebocytes through the PI3K/AKT/SREBP-1 pathway to accelerate wound healing.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Abstract Background: Sebaceous glands (SGs) are epidermal appendages that are important constituents of fully functional skin. The reconstruction of SGs is an integral part of wound healing. Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC-EXO) accelerate wound healing by promoting the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. However, the effects of ADSC-EXO on SGs are largely unknown. Methods: In this study, three-dimensional scaffolds of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel loaded with the human SZ95 sebocytes were used as an in vitro model of human SGs. The effects of ADSC-EXO on SZ95 cell proliferation and migration were evaluated with the EdU colorimetric immunohistochemistry assay and the scratch and Transwell assays. The levels of phosphorylated Akt, Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin, sterol regulatory-element binding protein (SREBP), and perilipin-1 (PLIN-1) were detected with immunofluorescence, quantitative PCR, and western blot analysis. Lipogenesis and lipolysis were assessed with Oil Red O and Nile red staining. Full-thickness skin wounds in BALB/c nude mice were treated with GelMA hydrogel loaded with SZ95 sebocytes alone or in combination with ADSC-EXO. Histopathological assessments of the wound tissues were performed with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson Trichrome staining and Immunohistochemical staining. Results: The results showed that ADSC-

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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