Macrophage-derived apoptotic vesicles regulate fate commitment of mesenchymal stem cells via miR155

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background In tissue engineering, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are common seed cells because of abundant sources, strong proliferation ability and immunomodulatory function. Numerous researches have demonstrated that MSC-macrophage crosstalk played a key role in the tissue engineering. Macrophages could regulate the differentiation of MSCs via different molecular mechanisms, including extracellular vesicles. Apoptotic macrophages could generate large amounts of apoptotic vesicles (apoVs). ApoVs are rich in proteins, RNA (microRNAs, mRNAs, ncRNAs, etc.) and lipids, and are a key intercellular communication mediator that can exert different regulatory effects on recipient cells. MiRNAs account for about half of the total RNAs of extracellular vesicles, and play important roles in biological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation, whereas the functions of macrophage-derived apoVs remain largely unknown. There was no research to clarify the role of macrophage-derived apoVs in MSC fate choices. In this study, we aimed to characterize macrophage-derived apoVs, and investigate the roles of macrophage-derived apoVs in the fate commitment of MSCs. Methods We characterized macrophage-derived apoVs, and investigated their role in MSC osteogenesis and adipogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we performed microRNA loss- and gain-of-function experiments and western

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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