Mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium demonstrates novel antibacterial effects in ocular bacterial infections.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Bacterial keratitis is a potentially blinding corneal infection, with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the leading gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens, respectively. The increasing antimicrobial resistance among these pathogens necessitates the development of newer therapeutic approaches. This study aims to assess the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM) for ocular isolates of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa . The MSCs were derived from human adipose tissue, bone marrow, dental pulp, and umbilical cord. The antibacterial effects of MSC-CM were studied through zone of inhibition and colony-forming unit assays, whereas morphological changes were studied through scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, to mimic bacterial infections, human corneal epithelial cells were stimulated with bacterial endotoxins, and changes in the expression of antimicrobial peptides (LL-37, Human Beta Defensin-3 [HBD-3], Dermcidin, Hepcidin-25, and Lipocalin-2) and inflammatory mediators (IL-6 and TNF-α) were evaluated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. While HBD-3 was present in the highest concentration across all sources of MSCs, treatment with MSC-CM further upregulated the expression of antimicrobial peptides while downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, suggesting its immunomodulatory effects. The r

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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