Microvesicles isolated from 5-azacytidine-and-resveratrol-treated mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of suspensory ligament injury in horse-a case report.

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background In athlete horses, suspensory ligament (SL) injuries are the most common cause of lameness. Healing of SL injury is still problematic, and even proper rehabilitation and pharmacological therapy do not guarantee returning to the initial performance level. In our previous studies, we have shown that a combination of 5-azacytidine (AZA) and resveratrol (RES) exerts beneficial, rejuvenating effects on metabolic syndrome derived adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Thus, in the presented research, we investigate whether not only rejuvenated ASC but also microvesicles (MVs AZA/RES ) secreted by them possess enhanced regenerative properties in SL injury. Methods In the presented study, a 6-year-old Dutch Warmblood gelding, working in jumping, was diagnosed with SL injury using ultrasonography, Doppler, real-time elastography and thermography. As a therapeutic strategy, the affected animal was treated with extracellular microvesicles derived from ASC treated with the combination of 5-azacytydine (AZA) and resveratrol (RES) (MVs AZA/RES ) . RESULTS: First, anti-apoptotic effects of MVs AZA/RES were tested in co-culture with metabolic syndrome derived ASC. The proliferation of cells and expression of pro-apoptotic genes were investigated. Then, MVs AZA/RES were injected directly into the injured SL of the Dutch Warmblood gelding. In vitro assays revealed that MVs AZA/RES enhance

Evidence level

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

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