Nanocomposite bone filler loaded with Icariin and adipose derived stromal cells for bone healing applications: An in vitro and in vivo study.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background Critical-sized bone defects still present significant clinical challenges because traditional bone graft methods have noticeable limitations. Methods This research developed and assessed a new bone tissue engineering method that combined collagen hydrogel with Icariin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (ICACNPs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). Collagen hydrogels incorporated with Icariin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (ICACNPs) were fabricated using ionotropic gelation. Results The composite hydrogels maintained ASC viability while showing improved swelling properties and increased antioxidant activity. The COLICACNPASC group, which combined ICACNPs and ASCs demonstrated significantly enhanced new bone formation and reduced inflammation while showing elevated levels of osteogenic and angiogenic markers (osteopontin, osteonectin, VEGF, bFGF, and TGF-β) when compared to other test groups. The combination treatment resulted in marked downregulation of pro-inflammatory markers IL-6 and TNF-α as well as the oxidative stress marker GPx. Conclusion The combined use of ICACNPs and ASCs creates a powerful system for bone regeneration which results in improved osteogenic and angiogenic outcomes as well as better immunomodulation in the calvarial bone defect model.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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