Nanoparticle-Based Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for Allergic Rhinitis: A Comprehensive Review

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated immune response triggered by inhaled allergens, primarily involving type 2 cell-driven nasal mucosal inflammation. Current clinical management of AR relies on pharmacotherapy and immunomodulatory therapies but is limited by treatment time windows, bioavailability, and side effects. Rational design of nanodrug carriers can enhance drug bioavailability and enable targeted delivery. Nanoparticles (NPs) transport drugs or gene fragments to nasal tissues via passive or active targeting, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. This review summarizes recent applications of NPs in preclinical and clinical AR treatment, highlighting strategies for targeted therapy using nanodrugs. It discusses the benefits and mechanisms of innovative drug delivery systems in the treatment of AR and provides a comprehensive catalog of such systems. Finally, it outlines future prospects for improved clinical translation.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

Browse all related research

Filter the research library by this study's title keywords, author, or publication year.