Nanoparticle delivery of the bone morphogenetic protein 4 gene to adipose-derived stem cells promotes articular cartilage repair in vitro and in vivo.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

To evaluate the effect of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles delivering pDC316-BMP4-EGFP plasmid into rabbit adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro and chondrogenesis of the bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP-4)--transfected ADSCs seeded onto poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLLGA) scaffold in a rabbit model. Cell viability and transfection efficiency of PLGA nanoparticles were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan) and flow cytometry. The BMP-4 and chondrogenesis markers were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Thirty rabbits (60 knees) with full-thickness cylinder articular cartilage defects (diameter, 4.5 mm; depth, 0.8 mm) on the femoral trochlea were divided into a group in which the BMP-4--transfected ADSCs were seeded onto PLLGA scaffold and implanted into the defects (group ABNP), a group with untransfected ADSCs seeded onto scaffold (group ABP), and a group with a scaffold without cells (group P). Outcomes were evaluated by histology, Rudert score, Pineda score, and scanning electronic microscopy by 2 blinded observers at weeks 6 and 12 postoperatively. Statistical analyses were performed with analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The statistical significance level was set at P < .05. The expression of chondrogenesis-related genes and proteins was significantly increa

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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