Optimal timing of bone marrow aspiration concentrate injection for tendon-bone healing in a chronic rat rotator cuff tear model

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Background The Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) injection is a beneficial therapy for bone-tendon interface (BTI) regeneration following rotator cuff (RC) repair. However, the optimal timing for BMAC injection remains undetermined. Injection at different timepoints may influence BTI regeneration. Methods After concentrating bone marrow (BM) to obtain BMAC, the viability of cells, nucleated cell content, platelet count, stem cell number, and concentration of growth factors in both BM and BMAC were comparatively evaluated. Supraspinatus tendon tears were induced at the greater tuberosity in 152 Wistar rats. Three weeks after the tear induction, the rats following RC repair surgery were then randomly divided into four groups based on the timing of BMAC injection: PBS injected immediately during RC repair (PBS group), BMAC injected immediately (P0-BMAC group), on postoperative day 7 (P7-BMAC group), or day 14 (P14-BMAC group). Eight weeks after RC repair, the supraspinatus tendon-proximal humerus complexes were harvested for evaluating BTI regeneration using micro-CT, histological and biomechanical testing. Additionally, at the day 0, 3, 10, 17 after RC repair, the specimens were harvested for evaluating the inflammation and oxidative stress. Results Cell viability in the BMAC exceeded 90%. The BMAC contained higher concentrations of platelets, nucleated cells, stem cells, T

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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