Organoids: their emerging essential role in pathological mechanisms and drug discovery of diabetes and its complications

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with a high global prevalence, which affects blood vessels throughout the entire body. As the disease progresses, it often leads to complications, including diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy. Currently, in addition to traditional cellular and animal models, more and more organoid models have been used in the study of diabetes and have broad application prospects in the field of pharmacological research. We summarized the organoid models that have been developed for the study of diabetes mellitus and its complications, and describe their sources, establishment and maturation measures with a focus on pancreatic organoids. For the first time, we summarized the contribution of organoids in diabetes and its complications in terms of mechanism studies, drug screening, and cellular replacement therapies, in the hope of providing a feasible direction for personalized medicine and precision treatment of diabetes and its complications. In addition, we discuss the strengths and limitations of organoids in the field of diabetes and its complications. Nowadays, people strongly advocate personalized medicine and precision medicine, and in this regard, organoid technology has advantages that are unmatched by any conventional experimental models. By combing organoid technology with high-throughput technologies, "patient-specific" drug screening can b

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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