Precision Pediatric Cancer Nanomedicine: Advancing Personalized Nano Therapies to Reduce Non-Communicable Diseases Through AI-Driven 3D-Printed Drugs

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Pediatric cancers (PC) require treatments that maintain cure rates while minimizing long-term toxicity and non-communicable diseases. Yet, conventional dosing, adult-oriented formulations, and high treatment burden remain major limitations in childhood cancer care. This review synthesizes the current evidence using artificial intelligence (AI) and 3D nano printing as emerging tools to support personalized pediatric oncology. A structured literature search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2005-2024) identified English-language studies related to pediatric cancer, nanomedicine (NM), 3D printing, precision dosing, and pharmacogenomics, and relevant findings were organized by cancer type, clinical application, and potential impact on toxicity, adherence, and survivorship. Across leukemia, neuroblastoma, brain tumors, bone sarcoma, and lymphoma, AI-supported platforms were found to improve individualized chemotherapy exposure, anticipate toxicity based on clinical or pharmacogenomic markers, and assist clinicians towards modifying early treatment. At the same time, 3D nano printing enabled child-friendly medicines, multi-drug polypills, and controlled-release formulations that reduced dosing errors and improved treatment adherence. Early hospital-based experience with Bayesian therapeutic drug monitoring and on-demand pediatric drug printing suggested high feas

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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