Role of hydrogen peroxide preconditioning in mesenchymal stem cell-mediated heart regeneration: Molecular insights

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess unique properties such as immunomodulation, paracrine actions, multilineage differentiation, and self-renewal. Therefore, MSC-based cell therapy is an innovative approach to treating various degenerative illnesses, including cardiovascular diseases. However, several challenges, including low transplant survival rates, low migration to the ischemic myocardium, and poor tissue retention, restrict the application of MSCs in clinical settings. These undesirable cell therapy outcomes mainly originated due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the injured heart. MSCs' stress-coping capacity can be enhanced by preconditioning them under conditions similar to the microenvironment of wounded tissues. Hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is a ROS that has been shown to activate protective cellular mechanisms such as survival, proliferation, migration, paracrine effects, and differentiation at sublethal doses. These processes are induced via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of the transcription, Notch1, and Wnt signaling pathways. H 2 O 2 preconditioning could lead to many clinical benefits, including ischemic injury reduction, enhanced survival of cellular transplants, and tissue regeneration. In this review, we pres

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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