Susceptibilities of epicardial and subcutaneous fat tissue for browning-gene expression and diet-induced volume reduction are different.

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

The upregulation of brown or brown-like beige adipocytes is a potential strategy for the prevention or treatment of diabetes and coronary artery diseases in obese patients. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) differs significantly from subcutaneous fat tissue (SAT) in metabolic properties. To investigate properties of EAT further, thermogenesis gene expression was investigated in human autopsy and murine samples, and adipocytes differentiated from EAT mesenchymal cells. Subsequently, analyzed EAT volume alterations were observed to be associated with weight reduction in obese patients by imaging. Gene expression analyses of autopsy samples revealed that UCP‑1 mRNA levels in EAT were significantly increased compared with SAT, and β3‑adrenergic receptor (AR) levels tended to be increased; this finding was verified in comparing EAT with SAT in mice. Browning stimulation of human EAT‑derived MCs increased uncoupling protein‑1 and β3‑AR levels by 3.2 fold‑ and 12.6‑fold compared with SAT‑derived MCs, respectively. Subsequent imaging for EAT volume measurement using multi‑detector computed tomography in 10 obese patients revealed that mean EAT volumes did not significantly decrease following weight loss therapy. The EAT volume alterations were not correlated with weight changes, whereas positive correlations were observed in SAT and visceral adipose tissue. Therefore, the studies in man

Evidence level

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

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