Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Pediatric Kidney Disorders: A Comprehensive Review.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Kidney diseases in children present significant health challenges, often leading to complications and reduced quality of life. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy shows promise for pediatric kidney disorders. This review evaluates current evidence on MSC applications in pediatric nephrology, focusing on mechanisms, delivery methods, and outcomes. We analyzed preclinical and clinical studies of MSC therapy for pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), glomerular disorders, and Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT), comparing pediatric and adult applications. MSCs exert therapeutic effects through immunomodulation, tissue regeneration, anti-fibrotic activity, and paracrine mechanisms. Different sources (bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose) show varying efficacy. Delivery methods significantly impact outcomes: intravenous administration is well-tolerated but limited (2%-5% kidney delivery), while local infusion enhances targeting (10%-20%). Clinical studies show improved renal function: decreased creatinine in AKI, reduced albumin-to-creatinine ratio in CKD, and decreased proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome. Pediatric applications differ from adult ones in disease etiology, physiological considerations, therapeutic goals, and safety requirements. MSC therapy shows promising potential for pediatric kidney disorders, with preliminary ev

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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