In vitro analysis of immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cell- and tumor cell -derived exosomes on recall antigen-specific responses.

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro effects of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or tumor cells on recall-antigen-specific immune responses. The exosomes were isolated from the supernatant of the cultures of the adipose-derived MSCs, and 4T1 cell line. The splenocytes isolated from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice were utilized to evaluate the effects of exosomes on recall-antigen-specific responses. The expression of master regulators for T cell sub-types and the levels of their corresponding cytokines were evaluated. Treatment by disease-inducing peptide (MOG 35-55 ) combined with MSC-EXO or by MOG+TEX enhanced the expression of Foxp3 as the master regulator for Treg cells; by comparing with splenocytes which were treated by MOG. Nonetheless, the production of IL-10 and TGF-β were increased only in splenocytes treated by MOG+TEX. Additionally, treatments of splenocytes by MOG+TEX and MOG+MSC-EXO decreased the expression of Tbx21 and Gata3, as the master regulator for T helper (T H )1 and T H 2 responses. However, the IFN-γ level did not decrease. The expression of Rorc and Elf4, which are the activator and inhibitor for differentiation of T H 17 respectively were increased after splenocytes was treated by MOG+TEX. However, a reduction in Rorc and Elf4 levels was observed when splenocytes were treated by MOG+MSC-EXO. Inde

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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