When do the pathological signs become evident? Study of human mesenchymal stem cells in MDPL syndrome

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Aging syndromes are rare genetic disorders sharing the features of accelerated senescence. Among these, Mandibular hypoplasia, Deafness and Progeroid features with concomitant Lipodystrophy (MDPL; OMIM #615381) is a rare autosomal dominant disease due to a de novo in-frame deletion in POLD1 gene, encoding the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. Here, we investigated how MSCs may contribute to the phenotypes and progression of premature aging syndromes such as MDPL. In human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs)-derived MSCs of three MDPL patients we detected several hallmarks of senescence, including (i) abnormal nuclear morphology, (ii) micronuclei presence, (iii) slow cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, (iv) reduced telomere length, and (v) increased levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). We newly demonstrated that the pathological hallmarks of senescence manifest at an early stage of human development and represent a warning sign for the progression of the disease. Dissecting the mechanisms underlying stem cell dysfunction during aging can thereby contribute to the development of timely pharmacological therapies for ameliorating the pathological phenotype.

Evidence level

Early human evidence such as case series or small samples is exploring possible benefits.

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