Design Strategies and Application Potential of Multifunctional Hydrogels for Promoting Angiogenesis

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

Hydrogels can be rationally designed as multifunctional platforms with structures and functions for various biomedical applications. Because of their excellent biochemical and mechanical properties, hydrogels have shown great potential for promoting angiogenesis, and an increasing amount of research has been devoted to designing and developing new hydrogels. However, a systematic and detailed review of hydrogels that promote angiogenesis is lacking. This paper comprehensively summarizes the design strategies of different kinds of functional hydrogels that promote angiogenesis, with anti-oxidant, substance-delivery, stimulus-responsive, self-healing, conductive, and wound-monitoring properties. The applications of hydrogels in wound healing, bone regeneration, and treatment of myocardial ischemia are discussed. Finally, future development directions of functional hydrogels promoting angiogenesis are proposed along with new strategies for the treatment of related diseases.

Evidence level

Evidence from laboratory and animal studies provides groundwork for understanding mechanisms and potential before human studies continue.

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