Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis affects many joints, but SVF research volume is uneven — greatest for the knee, followed by hip and ankle.

Mechanisms mirror the knee: intra-articular inflammation modulation and cell-to-cell signalling.

Extrapolating knee results to other joints is not sufficiently supported by evidence.

Reported adverse events are mostly local — swelling, pain, or bruising at the harvest and injection sites. Infection and cell-processing quality remain the key risks to monitor.

Existing studies are limited by sample size, methodology, and follow-up, and SVF preparation differs substantially between centres, making cross-study comparison difficult.