Ononin-modified Chitosan/β-glycerophosphate hydrogel-loaded adipose-derived stem cells promote the repair of diabetic wounds in rats.

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

• Level A · Stronger Clinical Evidence
• Level B · Emerging clinical evidence with positive signals
• Level C · Early human research exploring benefits
• Level D · Scientific groundwork from lab and animal studies
• Emerging · Emerging topic under active research

Abstract (original English)

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the mechanistic synergy of an ononin-modified chitosan/β-glycerophosphate (CS/β-GP) hydrogel loaded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in repairing diabetic wounds (DWs). We specifically aimed to determine if ononin could biochemically remodel the hostile diabetic microenvironment to enhance ADSCs survival and potency. METHODS: Primary rat ADSCs were characterized by flow cytometry. A thermosensitive CS/β-GP hydrogel was fabricated, and its microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). he biological response of ADSCs to ononin was assessed via CCK-8, scratch assays and Live/Dead staining to identify the optimal concentration. A diabetic wound model in rats was established, with all rats randomly assigned into five groups: Control, model, ononin (On), ADSCs, and ononin+ADSCs (On+ADSCs). Wound healing rates were recorded at days 0, 4, 8, and 12 post-treatment. At 12th day, the synergistic impact of ononin and ADSCs on the wound microenvironment was evaluated by measuring healing rates, inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). Additionally, the cumulative release profiles of IGF-1, VEGF, and TGF-β3 from the hydrogel-loaded ADSCs were monitored over 96 h, fitting a Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model to characterize the sustained release behavior. Histopathological evaluation, immunohistochemistry for CD31, collagen I, and α-SMA,

Evidence level

Several human studies show positive signals, while research methods and sample sizes continue to develop.

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